Comprehensive analysis identifies long non-coding RNA RNASEH1-AS1 as a potential prognostic biomarker and oncogenic target in hepatocellular carcinoma.

RNASEH1-AS1, a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) divergently transcribed from the antisense strand of its neighboring protein-coding gene ribonuclease H1 (RNASEH1), has recently been demonstrated to be involved in tumor progression. However, the association between RNASEH1-AS1 and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. In the present study, first, the expression of RNASEH1-AS1 in HCC and its correlation with clinicopathological features, prognosis, diagnosis, immune cell infiltration of HCC patients was inspected using relevant R packages based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. RNASEH1-AS1 was found to be up-regulated in most cancer types, including HCC, and its overexpression was significantly associated with histologic grade and AFP level as well as poor prognosis, and was an independent risk factor affecting overall survival with good diagnostic and prognostic values for HCC. RNASEH1-AS1 was inversely associated with the infiltration of most immune cell types, including plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC), B cells and neutrophils. Second, a total of 1109 positively co-expressed genes (PCEGs) of RNASEH1-AS1 were screened out in HCC by correlation analysis in batches (|Spearman's r| >0.4 and adjusted P value <0.01). GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that PCEGs of RNASEH1-AS1 were mainly related to RNA processing, ribosome biogenesis, transcription and histone acetylation. The top 10 hub genes (EIF4A3, WDR43, WDR12, DKC1, NAT10, UTP18, DDX18, BYSL, DDX10, PDCD11) were identified by constructing the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and they were all highly expressed in HCC and positively correlated with histological grade. Third, a risk model was constructed based on four RNASEH1-AS1-related hub genes (EIF4A3, WDR12, DKC1, and NAT10) with good prognostic predictive potential via univariate Cox and the least absolute selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. Fourth, experimental validation revealed that RNASEH1-AS1 was significantly elevated in HCC tissues and several cell lines, and its knockdown could suppress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. Finally, mechanistic studies demonstrated that the stability of RNASEH1-AS1 could be regulated by DKC1 via their direct interaction. Taken together, RNASEH1-AS1 may serve as a potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarker and oncogenic lncRNA for HCC.

Novel hollow core-shell Zn0.5Cd0.5S@ZnIn2S4/MoS2 nanocages with Z-scheme heterojunction for enhanced photocatalysis of hydrogen generation.

The development of low-cost and efficient metal sulfide photocatalysts through morphological and structural design is vital to the advancement of the hydrogen economy. However, metal sulfide semiconductor photocatalysts still suffer from low carrier separation and poor solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiencies. Herein, two-dimensional ZnIn2S4 nanosheets were grown on Zn0.5Cd0.5S hollow nanocages to construct Zn0.5Cd0.5S@ZnIn2S4 hollow nanocages for the first time. Novel hollow core-shell Zn0.5Cd0.5S@ZnIn2S4/MoS2 nanocages with Z-scheme heterojunction structures were obtained by incorporating MoS2 nanosheet co-catalyst via the solvothermal method. The resulting Zn0.5Cd0.5S@ZnIn2S4/MoS2 exhibited unique structural and compositional advantages, leading to remarkable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rates of up to 8.5 mmol·h-1·g-1 without the use of any precious metal co-catalysts. This rate was 10.6-fold and 7.1-fold higher compared to pure ZnIn2S4 and Zn0.5Cd0.5S, respectively. Moreover, the optimized Zn0.5Cd0.5S@ZnIn2S4/MoS2 photocatalyst outperformed numerous reported ZnIn2S4-based photocatalysts and some ZnIn2S4-based photocatalysts based on precious metal co-catalysts. The exceptional photocatalytic performance of Zn0.5Cd0.5S@ZnIn2S4/MoS2 can be attributed to the Z-scheme heterojunction of core-shell structure that enhanced charge carrier separation and transport, as well as the co-catalytic action of MoS2. Overall, the proposed Zn0.5Cd0.5S@ZnIn2S4/MoS2 with heterojunction structure is a promising candidate for the preparation of efficient photocatalysts for solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion.

Rapid Surface Reconstruction of Pentlandite by High-Spin State Iron for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Triggering rapid reconstruction reactions holds the potential to approach the theoretical limits of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and spin state manipulation has shown great promise in this regard. In this study, the transition of Fe spin states from low to high was successfully achieved by adjusting the surface electronic structure of pentlandite. In situ characterization and kinetic simulations confirmed that the high-spin state of Fe promoted the accumulation of OH- on the surface and accelerated electron transfer, thereby enhancing the kinetics of the reconstruction reaction. Furthermore, theoretical calculations revealed that the lower d-band center of high-spin Fe optimized the adsorption of active intermediates, thereby enhancing the reconstruction kinetics. Remarkably, pentlandites with high-spin Fe exhibited ultra-low overpotential (245 mV @ 10 mA cm-2 ) and excellent stability. These findings provided new insights for the design and fabrication of highly active OER electrocatalysts.

DHX37 Is a Promising Prognostic Biomarker and a Therapeutic Target for Immunotherapy and Chemotherapy in HCC.

DHX37, a member of the DEAD/H-box RNA helicase family, has been implicated in various diseases, including tumors. However, the biological characteristics and prognostic significance of DHX37 in HCC remain unclear. In this study, we use R software 3.6.3 and multiple bioinformatics analysis tools, such as GDSC, HPA, STRING, TISCH, and TIMER2, to analyze the characterization and function of DHX37 in HCC. In addition, Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) based on clinical samples validated some of the findings. DHX37 was more highly expressed in HCC samples compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues. Higher DHX37 expression is correlated with various clinicopathological characteristics in HCC, including AFP, adjacent hepatic tissue inflammation, histologic grade, T stage, and pathologic stage. Survival analysis revealed that the high DHX37 group had significantly shorter overall survival (OS), progress-free interval (PFI), and disease-specific survival (DSS) compared to the low DHX37 group. By analyzing the correlation between DHX37 and the IC50 of chemotherapeutic drugs, the results showed that DHX37 expression level was negatively correlated with the IC50 of 11 chemotherapeutic drugs. Further analysis indicated that DHX37 and its co-expressed genes may play important roles in activating the cell cycle, DNA repair, chemokine signaling pathways, and regulating the immune response, which leads to a poor prognosis in HCC. High expression of DHX37 is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in HCC, and DHX37 is expected to be a potential target to inhibit tumor progression. Targeting DHX37 may enhance chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity and immunotherapeutic efficacy in HCC.

Electrodeposition of Self-Supported High-Entropy Spinel Oxides for Stable Oxygen Evolution.

Spinel oxides have attracted increasing interest due to their excellent activity in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, despite the high intrinsic OER activity, their poor electrical conductivity and weak structural stability prevented their application for a long time. These shortcomings can be solved by effectively adjusting the electronic structures of spinel oxides through a high-entropy strategy. Herein, a rapid two-step method was developed to prepare self-supported high-entropy spinel-type oxides on a carbon cloth (CC) to yield (Fe0.2Co0.2Ni0.2Mn0.2Cr0.2)3O4@CC (abbreviated as FeCoNiMnCr@CC). The unique electronic structure and stable crystal configuration of the resulting FeCoNiMnCr@CC materials required only an overpotential of 287 mV for the OER at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 coupled with excellent cyclic stability. In summary, the proposed high-entropy strategy looks promising for improving the catalytic performance of spinel oxides.

Prediction of future breakthroughs in materials synthesis and manufacturing techniques: a new perspective of synthesis dynamics theory.

The continuous development of different kinds of materials plays a significant role in social productivity. However, the lack of a complete synthesis kinetic theory has resulted in the absence of scientific guidance for the emergence of advanced manufacturing technologies, limiting the research and production of new types of materials. The present work aims at obtaining the basic form of the diffusion flux-driving force equation through the concept of ion diffusion so as to establish a synthesis kinetic theory. Using this theory, the scientific principles of existing synthesis technologies are summarized, and the key directions that future manufacturing technologies need to break through are proposed as well. Based on a comprehensive analysis of this theory, the feasible directions are discussed, providing strong support for the early realization of targeted design and manufacturing of new materials with specific functions.

A Positive Feedback Loop of lncRNA HOXD-AS2 and SMYD3 Facilitates Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression via the MEK/ERK Pathway.

Purpose: HOX cluster-embedded long noncoding RNAs (HOX-lncRNAs) have been shown to be tightly related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the potential biological roles and underlying molecular mechanism of HOX-lncRNAs in HCC largely remains to be elucidated. Methods: The expression signature of eighteen HOX-lncRNAs in HCC cell lines were measured by qRT-PCR. HOXD-AS2 expression and its clinical significance in HCC was investigated by bioinformatics analysis utilizing the TCGA data. Subcellular localization of HOXD-AS2 in HCC cells was observed by RNA-FISH. Loss­of­function experiments in vitro and in vivo were conducted to probe the roles of HOXD-AS2 in HCC. Potential HOXD-AS2-controlled genes and signaling pathways were revealed by RNA-seq. Rescue experiments were performed to validate that SMYD3 mediates HOXD-AS2 promoting HCC progression. The positive feedback loop of HOXD-AS2 and SMYD3 was identified by luciferase reporter assay and ChIP-qPCR. Results: HOXD-AS2 was dramatically elevated in HCC, and its up-regulation exhibited a positive association with aggressive clinical features (T stage, pathologic stage, histologic grade, AFP level, and vascular invasion) and unfavorable prognosis of HCC patients. HOXD-AS2 was distributed both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of HCC cells. Knockdown of HOXD-AS2 restrained the proliferation, migration, invasion of HCC cells in vitro, as well as tumor growth in subcutaneous mouse model. Transcriptome analysis demonstrated that SMYD3 expression and activity of MEK/ERK pathway were impaired by silencing HOXD-AS2 in HCC cells. Rescue experiments revealed that SMYD3 as downstream target mediated oncogenic functions of HOXD-AS2 in HCC cells through altering the expression of cyclin B1, cyclin E1, MMP2 as well as the activity of MEK/ERK pathway. Additionally, HOXD-AS2 was uncovered to be positively regulated at transcriptional level by its downstream gene of SMYD3. Conclusion: HOXD-AS2, a novel oncogenic HOX-lncRNA, facilitates HCC progression by forming a positive feedback loop with SMYD3 and activating the MEK/ERK pathway.

Unveiling Interfacial Effects for Efficient and Stable Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Ruthenium Nanoparticles-Embedded Pentlandite Composites.

Heterogenous catalysis is important for future clean and sustainable energy systems. However, an urgent need to promote the development of efficient and stable hydrogen evolution catalysts still exists. In this study, ruthenium nanoparticles (Ru NPs) are in situ grown on Fe5 Ni4 S8 support (Ru/FNS) by replacement growth strategy. An efficient Ru/FNS electrocatalyst with enhanced interfacial effect is then developed and successfully applied for pH-universal hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The Fe vacancies formed by FNS during the electrochemical process are found to be conducive to the introduction and firm anchoring of Ru atoms. Compared to Pt atoms, Ru atoms get easily aggregated and then grow rapidly to form NPs. This induces more bonding between Ru NPs and FNS, preventing the fall-off of Ru NPs and maintaining the structural stability of FNS. Moreover, the interaction between FNS and Ru NPs can adjust the d-band center of Ru NPs, as well as balance the hydrolytic dissociation energy and hydrogen binding energy. Consequently, the as-prepared Ru/FNS electrocatalyst exhibits excellent HER activity and improved cycle stability under pH-universal conditions. The developed pentlandite-based electrocatalysts with low cost, high activity, and good stability are promising candidates for future applications in water electrolysis.

Active-site-enriched dendritic crystal Co/Fe-doped Ni3S2 electrocatalysts for efficient oxygen evolution reaction.

The electrochemical decomposition of water plays a critical role in green and sustainable energy. However, the development of efficient and low-cost non-noble metal catalysts to overcome the high potential of the anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is still challenging. In this work, electrocatalysts with high OER activity were obtained by doping Co/Fe bimetals into Ni3S2 (CF-NS) via a simple single-step hydrothermal method by adjusting the doping ratio of bimetals. A series of characterization studies revealed that the introduction of a Co/Fe co-dopant increased the number of active sites and improved the electroconductibility, while optimizing the electronic structure of Ni3S2. Meanwhile, Fe-induced high valence Ni contributed to the production of an OER active phase NiOOH. The unique dendritic crystal morphology facilitated the disclosure of the active sites and the expansion of mass transfer channels. The optimized sample required a low overpotential of 146 mV to obtain a current density of 10 mA cm-2 in 1.0 M KOH solution. The optimized sample also operated stably for at least 86 h. In sum, the proposed method looks very promising for designing efficient, stable, and low-cost non-precious metal catalysts with high conductivity and multiple active sites, useful for future synthesis of transition metal sulfide catalysts.

Insights into high-entropy material synthesis dynamics criteria based on a thermodynamic framework.

High-entropy materials (HEMs) have attracted increasing research interests owing to their structural diversity and great potential for regulation. Numerous HEMs synthesis criteria have so far been reported but most are based on thermodynamics while a guiding basis for the synthesis of HEMs is lacking, resulting in many synthesis problems. Based on the overall thermodynamic formation criterion of HEMs, this study has explored the principles of the synthesis dynamics required based on this criterion and the influence of different synthesis kinetic rates on the final products of the reaction, filling the gap suggesting that thermodynamic criteria cannot guide the specific process changes. This will effectively provide more specific guidelines for the top-level design of material synthesis. By considering various aspects of HEMs synthesis criteria, new technologies suitable for high-performance HEMs catalysts were extracted. Also, the physical and chemical characteristics of the HEMs obtained from actual synthesis can be predicted in a better way, playing an important role in the personalized customization of HEMs with specific performance. Future development directions of HEMs synthesis were prospected for possible prediction and customization of HEMs catalysts with high performance.

A Glucose Metabolic Intervention Nanoplatform for Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy and Sensitized Photothermal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Traditional treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) still lack effectiveness. Recently, the combined mode of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) has shown great potential against HCC. However, insufficient Fenton reaction rates and hyperthermia-induced heat shock responses greatly impair their efficiency, hindering their further clinical application. Here, we constructed a cascade-amplified PTT/CDT nanoplatform by coating an IR780-embedded red blood cell membrane on glucose oxidase (GOx)-loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticles for effective HCC treatment. On the one hand, the nanoplatform interfered with glucose metabolism through the action of GOx to reduce the synthesis of ATP, which reduced the expression of heat shock proteins, thereby sensitizing the IR780-mediated PTT. On the other hand, hydrogen peroxide generated during GOx catalysis and the thermal effect of PTT accelerated the Fe3O4-mediated Fenton reaction, realizing enhanced CDT. Consequently, the sensitized PTT and enhanced CDT for HCC management could be simultaneously achieved by interfering with glucose metabolism, providing an alternative strategy for the effective treatment of tumors.

Reasonably optimized structure of iron-doped cobalt hydroxylfluoride for high-performance supercapacitors.

Cobalt hydroxylfluoride (CoOHF) is an emerging supercapacitor material. However, it remains highly challenging to effectively enhance the performance of CoOHF, which is limited by its poor electron and ion transport ability. In this study, the intrinsic structure of CoOHF was optimized through Fe doping (CoOHF-xFe, where x represents the Fe/Co feeding ratio). As indicated by the experimental and theoretical calculation results, the incorporation of Fe effectively enhances the intrinsic conductivity of CoOHF and optimizes its surface ion adsorption capacity. Moreover, since the radius of Fe is slightly larger than that of Co, the space between the crystal planes of CoOHF increases to a certain extent, and the ability to store ions is consequently enhanced. The optimized CoOHF-0.06Fe sample exhibits the maximum specific capacitance (385.8 F g-1). The asymmetric supercapacitor with activated carbon achieves a high energy density of 37.2 Wh kg-1 at a power density of 1600 W kg-1, and a full hydrolysis pool is successfully driven by the device, indicating great application potential. This study lays a solid basis for the application of hydroxylfluoride to a novel generation of supercapacitors.

Electron-ion conjugation sites co-constructed by defects and heteroatoms assisted carbon electrodes for high-performance aqueous energy storage.

Rapid preparation strategies of carbon-based materials with a high power density and energy density are crucial for the large-scale application of carbon materials in energy storage. However, achieving these goals quickly and efficiently remains challenging. Herein, the rapid redox reaction of concentrated H2SO4 and sucrose was employed as a means to destroy the perfect carbon lattice to form defects and insert large numbers of heteroatoms into the defects to rapidly form electron-ion conjugated sites of carbon materials at room temperature. Among prepared samples, CS-800-2 showed an excellent electrochemical performance (377.7 F g-1, 1 A g-1) and high energy density in 1 M H2SO4 electrolyte owing to its large specific surface area and a significant number of electron-ion conjugated sites. Additionally, CS-800-2 exhibited desirable energy storage performance in other aqueous electrolytes containing various metal ions. The theoretical calculation results revealed increased charge density near the carbon lattice defects, and the presence of heteroatoms effectively reduced the adsorption energy of carbon materials toward cations. Accordingly, the constructed "electron-ion" conjugated sites comprising defects and heteroatoms on the super-large surface of carbon-based materials accelerated the pseudo-capacitance reactions on the material surface, thereby greatly enhancing the energy density of carbon-based materials without sacrificing power density. In sum, a fresh theoretical perspective for constructing new carbon-based energy storage materials was provided, promising for future development of high-performance energy storage materials and devices.

Efficient Visible-Light-Driven Tetracycline Degradation and Cr(VI) Reduction over a LaNi1-xFexO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1)/g-C3N4 Type-II Heterojunction Photocatalyst.

The development of efficient, stable, and visible-light-responsive photocatalysts is crucial to address the pollution of water bodies by toxic heavy metal ions and organic antibiotics. Herein, a series of LaNi1-xFexO3/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalysts are prepared by a simple wet chemical method. Moreover, LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3/g-C3N4 composites are characterized by various methods, including structure, morphology, optical, and electrochemical methods and tetracycline degradation and photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) under visible light irradiation. Then, the photocatalytic performance of as-prepared LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3/g-C3N4 composites is evaluated. Compared with pure LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3 and g-C3N4, the LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3/g-C3N4 composite photocatalysts exhibit excellent photocatalytic performance due to synergy of doping and constructing heterojunctions. The results show that the doping of Fe ions can increase the concentration of oxygen vacancies, which is ultimately beneficial to the formation of electron traps. Moreover, the type-II heterojunction formed between LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3 and g-C3N4 effectively strengthens the separation and transfer of photoinduced carriers, thereby promoting photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity of the LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3/g-C3N4 photocatalyst remains almost unchanged after three cycles, indicating long-term stability. Ultimately, the photocatalytic mechanism of the LaNi0.8Fe0.2O3/g-C3N4 composites is proposed.

Utilization of a strong promoter combined with the knockout of protease genes to improve the yield of Vip3Aa in Bacillus thuringiensis BMB171.

BACKGROUND: Vip3Aa is an insecticidal protein secreted by some Bacillus thuringiensis strains during vegetative growth. It has excellent insecticidal activity, its mechanism of action is different from that of Cry protein, and it can delay the development of pest resistance. To date, Vip3Aa has been widely used in genetically modified Bt crops. However, the secretion of Vip3Aa by industrial production strains is usually very low. Moreover, most of the Vip3Aa in the medium is degraded by proteases, limiting its application as a biopesticide. RESULTS: We report a novel constitutive strong promoter from B. thuringiensis, Prsi , which directs the abundant expression of vip3Aa in B. thuringiensis BMB171. Furthermore, to reduce the degradation of Vip3Aa caused by proteases, we constructed B. thuringiensis mutants in which different protease genes were knocked out. We found that the degradation of Vip3Aa was greatly inhibited and its yield was significantly improved in a mutant that lacked all three protease genes. CONCLUSION: Our results provide a new strategy to enhance the production of Vip3Aa in B. thuringiensis and have reference value for the research and development of novel bioinsecticides. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

Efficient fabrication of flower-like core-shell nanochip arrays of lanthanum manganate and nickel cobaltate for high-performance supercapacitors.

The low energy density issue raises serious concerns for the large-scale application of supercapacitors. However, the development and utilization of new electrode materials with a high specific capacity to improve the energy density of supercapacitors remain challenging. Herein, an LaMnO3@NiCo2O4/carbon cloth (LMO@NCO/CC) composed of a multilayer flower-like nanochip array is prepared for the first time using an efficient electrodeposition method. This novel structure exploits the high conductivity of LaMnO3/carbon cloth (LMO@CC) to provide an efficient electron transport path for the outer layer of the NiCo2O4/carbon cloth (NCO@CC) nanoarrays, broadening the potential window. Due to the unique nanostructure configuration and the strong synergistic effect of the developed LMO@NCO/CC, the prepared electrodes show excellent supercapacitor performance. At a current density of 1 A g-1, LMO@NCO/CC has a higher specific capacitance value of 942 F g-1. The application value is extended through the fabrication of asymmetric supercapacitors with a maximum energy density of 49 Wh kg-1 and excellent cycle stability (the initial capacitance value remains 106 % after 10,000 cycles of charging and discharging at a high current density of 10 A g-1). Our work paves the way for the development of next-generation electrode materials for high-performance supercapacitors.

The efficacy and safety of glucocorticoid for perioperative patients with hepatectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Glucocorticoids have been used in patients undergoing perioperative hepatectomy, however their safety and efficacy remain controversial. This meta-analysis was conducted to investigate this issue and further provide reference for clinical practice. METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from database inception to December 2022. Literature screening and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers. The methodological quality of the RCTs was assessed using the Jadad scale. RevMan 5.4 was used for the meta-analysis. RESULTS: A total of 11 RCTs involving 905 patients were included. Compared with the control group, we found perioperative glucocorticoid administration significantly lowered overall complication rate [RR = 0.67; 95% CI (0.55, 0.83); P = 0.0003], infectious complication rate [RR = 0.41; 95% CI (0.21, 0.82); P = 0.01] and postoperative liver failure [RR = 0.63; 95% CI (0.41, 0.97); P = 0.03]. In addition, glucocorticoids appear to improve liver function (TBil) [MD = -0.36, 95% CI (-0.59, -0.14), P = 0.001] and reduce the release of certain inflammatory cytokines (IL-6) [MD = -48.52, 95% CI (-56.88, -40.16), P < 0.00001]. CONCLUSION: Based on the available evidence, glucocorticoids appear to be safe and effective in patients undergoing hepatectomy, but further research is needed.

Improved Catalytic Activity and Stability of Co9S8 by Se Incorporation for Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

Combining an excellent electrocatalytic activity with the good structural stability of Co9S8 remains challenging for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this study, density functional theory was used to demonstrate the importance of moderate adsorption strength with *O and *OOH intermediate species on Co9S8 for achieving excellent electrocatalytic performances. A novel strategy was proposed to effectively optimize the *O oxidation to *OOH by introducing Se heteroatoms to adjust adsorption of the two intermediates. This process also allowed prediction of the simultaneous enhancement of the structural stability of Co9S8 due to the weak electronegativity of a Se dopant. The experimental results demonstrated that Se doping can regulate the charge density of Co2+ and Co3+ in Co9S8-xSex, leading to a substantially improved OER performance of Co9S8-xSex. As a result, our Co9S6.91Se1.09 electrode exhibited an overpotential of 271 mV at 10 mA cm-2 in a 1.0 M KOH solution. In particular, it also demonstrated an excellent stability (∼120 h) under a current density of 10 mA cm-2, indicating the potential for practical applications. Overall, the proposed strategy looks promising for regulating the electronic structures and improving the electrochemical performances of sulfide materials.

Clinical efficacy and safety of robot assisted surgery for choledochal cysts excisions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and therapeutic effect of Robot-assisted surgery (RAS) for choledochal cysts (CCs) excisions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and CBM were searched from database inception to 1 May 2022. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to conduct quality assessments, and RevMan (Version 5.4) was used to perform the meta-analysis. RESULTS: In all, 9 studies, involving 623 patients, were analyzed. RAS compared with LAS was associated with less intraoperative blood loss, shorter time to start solid diets, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and lower complications. There was no significant difference in operative time between the two groups, but the total costs were higher in RAS. Our subgroup analysis showed that RAS had significant advantages over LAS in the child group: minor bleeding, shorter length of hospital stay, and fewer postoperative complications. CONCLUSIONS: The available evidence indicates that the RAS system has the advantages of less intraoperative blood loss, minor tissue damage, quick recovery, and sound healing in treating choledochal cyst, which proves that the RAS is safely feasible. Especially in children, RAS tends to be a better choice.